The Electric Yard

Fleets such as Pitt Ohio, NFI, and Penske Logistics are finding that electric yard tractors are a viable option due to predictable yard operations, which suit battery-electric vehicles. Despite costing around twice as much as diesel models, electric yard tractors can lower fuel and maintenance expenses, achieving competitive total ownership costs. The vehicles travel short distances at low speeds, regularly pausing between moves, creating natural opportunities to recharge. Industry leaders believe yard operations are a good fit for electrification, with several companies already deploying electric yard tractors. NFI Industries has deployed over 50 electric yard tractors since 2020, while Pitt Ohio operates two and is adding a third. Penske Logistics has operated electric yard tractors since 2021. The purchase price for an electric terminal tractor is typically at least double that of a conventional diesel model, with prices ranging from $300,000 to $350,000 before incentives, compared to $140,000 to $150,000 for a comparable diesel vehicle. However, battery-electric terminal tractors can provide a favorable total cost of ownership, with fuel and maintenance savings being significant factors. Electric yard tractors can operate for 20 hours or more on a single charge, and their stop-and-go operation allows them to recover energy through regenerative braking. Maintenance is also reduced, with electric terminal tractors costing 50% to 75% less to maintain than modern diesel units equipped with emissions aftertreatment systems.