Toyota U.S. Manufacturing: A History of Local Production, a Future of Expansion

Toyota first sold vehicles in the U.S. in 1958. Thirty years later, its first locally assembled vehicle—a Corolla—rolled off the line at New United Motor Manufacturing, a joint venture with General Motors in Fremont, California, in 1988. That same year Toyota Kentucky opened its doors as the company’s first wholly owned U.S. manufacturing facility and began assembling its first Camry.

Today, Toyota employs more than 31,000 people across 11 manufacturing facilities in 10 states. The Kentucky plant remains the largest of the 11 and is the largest Toyota manufacturing plant in the world. The newest facility, Toyota North Carolina, began assembling hybrid vehicle batteries at the end of 2025 and is slated to produce lithium‑ion batteries.

Plant‑by‑plant output:
• Toyota Alabama – four‑cylinder + HEV engines; 2.4L turbo + HEV engines; twin‑turbo V6 + HEV engines; differentials
• Toyota Kentucky – Camry Hybrid, RAV4 Hybrid, 4‑cylinder & V6 engines, hydrogen fuel cell kits, axles, steering components, machined blocks, cylinder heads, crankshafts, camshafts, rods and axle assemblies, and dies
• Toyota Indiana – Grand Highlander, Highlander, Highlander Hybrid, Lexus TX, Sienna Hybrid
• Toyota Missouri – cylinder heads
• Toyota Mississippi – Corolla
• Toyota North Carolina – lithium‑ion batteries
• Toyota Tennessee – engine blocks, automatic transmission cases and housings
• Toyota Texas – Tundra, Tundra HEV, Sequoia HEV, rear axles (begins fall 2026 for Tacoma, Tundra and Sequoia)
• Toyota West Virginia – TNGA 4‑cylinder and 2.5 L engines, transmissions and hybrid transaxles
• Mazda Toyota Manufacturing – Corolla Cross
• TABC, Inc. – body parts for Toyota Tacoma and service parts for all models

Looking ahead, Toyota announced plans to invest nearly $20 billion in its U.S. facilities from the start of 2024 through the end of 2025, including $13.9 billion to establish the new North Carolina plant. The company also committed up to $10 billion over multiple years to future mobility and electrification initiatives. “Our ultimate objective is to simply assemble more of what you and our customers want and need here in the U.S.,” said Toyota Motor North America Executive Vice President and COO Mark Templin at the recent Toyota National Dealer Meeting. Toyota’s strategy underscores a tangible commitment to the communities where it operates.